inggrispemula.my.id – Belajar Bahasa inggris mudah! : 5 hal yang membedakan active voice dan passive voice dalam Bahasa inggris. Halo sobat inggris pemula!. Apa kabar? Semoga selalu sehat dan diberkahi ilmu dan semangat juang untuk terus belajar. Pernahkah kamu mendengar kalimat active voice vs passive voice Dalam bahasa Inggris, kalimat aktif (active voice) dan kalimat pasif (passive voice) memiliki fungsi dan struktur yang berbeda.
Memahami keduanya sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis dan berbicara, baik dalam percakapan sehari-hari maupun penulisan formal. Kalimat aktif dan pasif sering digunakan saat ujian semester baik di sekolah menengah atas maupun jenjang sarjana.Yuk simak dan pelajari agar speakingmu makin lancar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari baik kalimat active voice maupun passive voice, sebagai berikut :
Table of Contents
1. Pengertian Active voice dan passive voice
Kalimat Aktif (Active Voice)
- Subjek melakukan aksi secara langsung terhadap objek.
- Struktur: Subject + Verb + Object
- Fokus pada pelaku (who does the action).
Contoh:
- The chef cooks delicious food. (Koki memasak makanan lezat.)
- A journalist writes the news article (Wartawan menulis artikel berita.)
- The teacher gives homework every Friday (Guru memberikan PR setiap Jumat.)
- Students use tablets for online learning (Siswa menggunakan tablet untuk pembelajaran online.)
- The school principal welcomes new students (Kepala sekolah menyambut siswa baru.)
- The government provides free textbooks (Pemerintah menyediakan buku teks gratis.)
- The committee selects the best students(Panitia memilih siswa terbaik.)
- Parents attend the school meeting (Orang tua menghadiri pertemuan sekolah.)
- The university offers scholarship programs (Universitas menawarkan program beasiswa.)
- The researcher conducts an experiment (Peneliti melakukan eksperimen.)
- The coach trains the basketball team (Pelatih melatih tim basket.)
- The ministry establishes new regulations (Kementerian menetapkan peraturan baru.
Kalimat Pasif (Passive Voice)
- Objek dikenai aksi oleh subjek.
- Struktur: Object + To Be + Verb 3 (Past Participle) + (By Subject)
- Fokus pada tindakan atau objek yang menerima aksi.
Contoh:
- Delicious food is cooked by the chef. (Makanan lezat dimasak oleh koki.)
- The news article is written by a journalist. (Artikel berita ditulis oleh wartawan.)
- Homework is given every Friday by the teacher (PR diberikan setiap Jumat oleh guru.)
- Tablets are used for online learning by students (Tablet digunakan untuk pembelajaran online oleh siswa.)
- New students are welcomed by the school principal (Siswa baru disambut oleh kepala sekolah.)
- Free textbooks are provided by the government (Buku teks gratis disediakan oleh pemerintah.)
- The best students are selected by the committee (Siswa terbaik dipilih oleh panitia.)
- The school meeting is attended by parents (Pertemuan sekolah dihadiri oleh orang tua.)
- The bookshelves are organized by the librarian (Rak buku dirapikan oleh pustakawan.)
- The theory is explained clearly by the professor (Teori dijelaskan dengan jelas oleh profesor.)
- Scholarship programs are offered by the university (Program beasiswa ditawarkan oleh universitas.)
- An experiment is conducted by the researcher (Eksperimen dilakukan oleh peneliti.)
Baca juga :Kuasai 150 Contoh Kosakata Bahasa Inggris : Basic vs. Advanced
2. Perbandingan Struktur Active voice dan passive voice
| Kalimat Aktif | Kalimat Pasif |
| The dog bites the man | The man is bitten by the dog |
| She paints the wall | The wall is painted by her |
| They built this house | This house was built by them |
3. Rumus Active voice dan passive voice dalam berbagai tenses
Berikut adalah pola perubahan active → passive dalam berbagai tenses:
- Simple Present Tense
- Aktif: S + V1 (+s/es) + O
- Pasif: O + is/am/are + V3 + (by S)
Contoh: - The company sells products. → Products are sold by the company.
- She teaches English. → English is taught by her.
- Present Continuous Tense
- Aktif: S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
- Pasif: O + is/am/are + being + V3 + (by S)
Contoh: - They are repairing the car. → The car is being repaired by them.
- He is writing a novel. → A novel is being written by him.
- Present Perfect Tense
- Aktif: S + have/has + V3 + O
- Pasif: O + have/has + been + V3 + (by S)
Contoh: - She has finished the report. → The report has been finished by her.
- We have planted the trees. → The trees have been planted by us.
4. Past Continuous Tense
- Aktif: S + was/were + V-ing + O
- Pasif: O + was/were + being + V3 + (by S)
Contoh:
- They were building the house. → The house was being built by them.
- She was washing the clothes. → The clothes were being washed by her.
5. Past Perfect Tense
- Aktif: S + had + V3 + O
- Pasif: O + had + been + V3 + (by S)
Contoh:
- The team had completed the project.→ The project had been completed by the team.
- He had eaten the cake.→ The cake had been eaten by him.
6. Simple Future Tense
- Aktif: S + will + V1 + O
- Pasif: O + will + be + V3 + (by S)
Contoh:
- They will deliver the package tomorrow.→ The package will be delivered tomorrow (by them).
- She will buy a new car.→ A new car will be bought by her.
7. Future Continuous Tense (jarang digunakan dalam pasif)
- Aktif: S + will + be + V-ing + O
- Pasif: O + will + be + being + V3 + (by S) (sangat formal)
Contoh:
- We will be presenting the report.→ The report will be being presented by us. (jarang dipakai)
8. Future Perfect Tense
- Aktif: S + will + have + V3 + O
- Pasif: O + will + have + been + V3 + (by S)
Contoh:
- They will have finished the construction.→ The construction will have been finished by them.
- I will have written the letter.→ The letter will have been written by me.
9. Simple Present Tense
- Aktif: The manager approves the proposal.
Pasif: The proposal is approved by the manager. - Aktif: Students use laptops in class.
Pasif: Laptops are used by students in class.
Baca juga : Tingkatkan Skill Bahsa English : Kumpulan 123 Kosakata Berdasarkan Kategori
4. Kapan menggunakan Active voice dan passive voice ?
Active Voice digunakan ketika:
a. Pelaku aksi jelas/penting dan ingin ditonjolkan.
b. Kalimat lebih langsung, ringkas, dan dinamis.
c. Umum dipakai dalam percakapan sehari-hari, tulisan kreatif, atau instruksi.
Contoh:
- Scientists discovered a new vaccine. (Ilmuwan menemukan vaksin baru.) → Fokus pada pelaku (scientists) dan aksinya.
- She is writing a novel. (Dia sedang menulis novel.)→ Subjek (“she”) sebagai pusat perhatian.
passive voice sering digunakan dalam keadaan :
a. Situasi formal (laporan, berita, akademik)
b. Ketika pelaku tidak diketahui/tidak penting
c. Ketika fokus pada hasil, bukan pelaku
Contoh:
- The documents were stolen. (Dokumen dicuri.) → Pelaku tidak diketahui.
- The new law was passed yesterday. (Undang-undang baru disahkan kemarin.) → Fokus pada hukum, bukan siapa yang menyetujuinya.
5. Kesimpulan
- Active voice lebih langsung dan umum digunakan dalam percakapan.
- Passive voice berguna dalam penulisan formal atau ketika pelaku tidak relevan.
- Latihan rutin akan membantu menguasai kedua struktur ini dengan lancar.
